All you want to know about nuclear power is here.
Release time:
2017-06-14 10:20
Source:
China Nuclear Power Information Network
◆ In 2016, nuclear power generation was about 210.519 billion kWh, accounting for about 3.56 percent of the country's total power generation.
The greenhouse gas emissions of nuclear power is about 1% of the same scale of coal power.
The total fuel cost of nuclear power only accounts for about 15% of the cost of power generation, while the fuel cost of thermal power accounts for more than 2/3. In nuclear power countries such as the United States and France, the cost of nuclear power is lower than that of thermal power.
How to ensure the safety of nuclear power plants? Will it affect public health?
With the rapid development of my country's nuclear energy industry, my country's nuclear power generation accounted for 3.56 of the country's total power generation in 2016. Efficient and clean nuclear power has become an important part of my country's energy structure.
Due to the lack of public understanding of nuclear energy science and technology, coupled with the impact of the Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan, the nuclear fear and neighbor avoidance effect are still unstable factors restricting the development of nuclear power. So, what is the safety of nuclear power? Will it have an impact on public health?
1. What is the situation of nuclear power generation in China?
Nuclear energy is a new form of energy that has emerged with the development of science and technology since the beginning of the 20th century. From the first reactor in the world to the present, in less than 100 years, nuclear energy has achieved great development.
Nuclear energy is divided into nuclear fission energy and nuclear fusion energy, fission is the fission of heavy nuclei, fusion is the fusion of light nuclei. The application of fission energy has reached an industrial scale, and fusion energy can only be used for military purposes at present.
With the increase of world population and energy demand, traditional fossil energy can only be used by human beings for another 200 years. Nuclear energy has become one of the best choices to make up for the future world energy gap.
At the launching ceremony of the "Science Popularization China-Green Nuclear Energy Theme Science Popularization Activity" on the 2nd, the reporter learned that there are currently 36 nuclear power units in operation in mainland my country, with a total installed capacity of 34.36 million kilowatts, and 20 nuclear power units under construction. In 2016, nuclear power generation was about 210.519 billion kWh, accounting for about 3.56 percent of the country's total power generation.
Will nuclear power reduce smog?
Nuclear energy is a kind of clean energy, which not only saves the consumption of non-renewable energy such as coal, oil and natural gas, but also reduces the pollution of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, smoke and dust to the atmosphere, reduces the occurrence of extreme weather such as haze, and effectively promotes environmental protection.
The greenhouse gas emission of nuclear power is about 1% of that of coal power of the same scale. Nuclear power plants also have perfect treatment facilities and treatment principles for the three wastes (waste gas, waste liquid and waste) emitted by nuclear power plants. The effect of developing nuclear power on environmental protection can be seen.
Is the cost of nuclear power high?
Nuclear power is economically characterized by high cost and low operating costs.
The energy produced by one kilogram of uranium -235 fission is equivalent to burning 2700 tons of standard coal. A million kilowatt nuclear power plant needs to supplement 30 tons of nuclear fuel every year, while a thermal power plant of the same size needs to burn 3 million tons of coal every year. 30 tons of nuclear fuel can be pulled away by a heavy truck, while 3 million tons of raw coal need to be transported by a 40-car train. The total fuel cost of nuclear power only accounts for about 15% of the cost of power generation, while the fuel cost of thermal power accounts for more than 2/3. In developed countries such as the United States and France, the cost of nuclear power is lower than that of thermal power.
How to ensure the safety of nuclear power plants?
Nuclear power plants do not have a "nuclear explosion" like an atomic bomb ".
First of all, the enrichment of uranium -235 in nuclear power plant fuel is generally not more than 5%, while the uranium -235 content in atomic point nuclear charge is as high as 90%. This is like beer and liquor contain alcohol, liquor because of high alcohol content can be ignited, and beer can not be ignited.
Secondly, the structure of atomic bomb and nuclear power plant is different. There are very strict conditions for atomic bomb explosion. A complex system must be used to detonate high-energy explosives before triggering a nuclear explosion. Such conditions are impossible for nuclear power plants to achieve.
In the view of Du Xiangwan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, controlling nuclear energy is the fundamental way to nuclear safety. After the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident, nuclear power development has entered a new normal of "steady progress. The speed of nuclear power development will be moderately slowed down, "a hundred-year plan, safety first", more investment in nuclear power safety, the pace of nuclear power development will be more stable. Whether it is coastal or inland, nuclear power must be safe and stable, and the probability of nuclear power accidents will be further reduced, and even under accident conditions, the ability to control the environmental and social consequences will be further enhanced. Controllable.
Will nuclear power plants affect public health?
The normal operation of nuclear power plants will not have an impact on public health.
Radioactivity is everywhere in the natural world where we live, and every day we live in various rays from the universe. Human beings thrive in an environment of natural radiation. The world average dose of these natural background exposures is 2.42 mSv/(person-year), in addition to some artificial radioactive exposures, such as X-rays, a chest fluoroscopy dose of 1-0.02 mSv, a CT scan of 1-20 mSv · · · The radiation dose received by the public around the nuclear power plant is 0.01 mSv per person per year, which is much lower than the above-mentioned exposure dose, therefore, living around the nuclear power plant will not have any impact on the body.